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Changes [Dec 03, 2007]

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The Early Iron Age
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Early Dynastic peri...
Ceremonial centers,...
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Download printer friendly syllabus here: Document IconMesopotamia.pdf


Week 1: Sept. 6-8 Introduction

Readings:
Scheffler, Thomas; 2003. “ 'Fertile crescent', 'Orient', 'Middle East': the changing mental maps of Souhwest Asia,” European Review of History 10/2: 253-272.

Bahrani, Zainab; 1998. “Conjuring Mesopotamia: imaginative geography and a world past,” in Archaeology under fire: Nationalism, politics and heritage in the Eastern Mediteranean and Middle East. L. Meskell (ed.), Routledge: London and New York, 159-174.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 2: Sept. 11-15 Archaeological landscapes of the Near East

Readings:
Postgate 1992: “Mesopotamia: the land and the life,” 3-21.

Pollock, S.; 1999. “Geographic setting and environment” in Ancient Mesopotamia: The Eden that never was. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 28-44.

Readings:
Wilkinson, Tony J.; 2003. “The environmental context” in Archaeological landscapes of the Near East. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 15-32.

Cordova, Carlos E.; 2005: “The degradation of the ancient Near Eastern environment” in A companion to the Ancient Near East. Daniel C. Snell (ed.). Malden MA: Blackwell, 109-125.

Readings:
Matthews 2003: "Defining a discipline: Mesopotamian archaeology in history," 1-26.

Preucel, Robert W. and Lynn Meskell; 2004. “Knowledges,” in A companion to social archaeology. L. Meskell and R.W. Preucel (eds.). Malden MA: Blackwell, 3-22.

Liverani, M; 1999. “History and archaeology in the Ancient Near East,” in Fluchtpunkt Uruk: Archäologische Einheit aus methodischer vielfalt: Schriften für Hans Jörg Nissen. Hartmut Kühne, Reinhard Bernbeck, Karin Bartl (eds.); Rahden/Westf.: Verlag Marie Leidorf GmbH, 1-11.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 3: Sept. 18-22 Prehistory: the Neolithic in the Near East

Readings:

Matthews 2003: “Tracking a transition: hunters becoming farmers,” 67-92.

Further reading:

Cauvin, Jacques; 2000. The birth of the gods and the origins of agriculture. Trans. Trevor Watkins. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 62-72 and 105-120.

Hodder, Ian; 2001. "Symbolism and the origins of agriculture in the Near East," Cambridge Archaeological Journal 11: 107-112.

Bender, B.; 1978. "Gatherer-hunter to farmer: a social perspective," World Archaeology 10: 204-22.

Readings:
Lewis-Williams, David; 2004. “Constructing a cosmos: architecture, power and domestication at Çatalhöyük,” Journal of Social Archaeology 4: 28-60.

Readings:
Review Çatalhöyük website.

Matthews 2003: “Tools of the trade: scope and methods of Mesopotamian archaeology” 25-66.

Hodder, Ian (ed.); 2000. Towards reflexive method in archaeology: the example at Çatalhöyük. Cambridge : McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, 3-18.

Hodder, Ian; 1992. “The Haddenham causewayed enclosure – a hermeneutic circle” in Theory and practice in archaeology. London: Routledge, 213-240.

Presentation:
Hodder, Ian and C. Cessford; 2004. “Daily practice and social memory at Çatalhöyük,” American Antiquity 69: 17-40.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 4: Sept. 25-29 Uruk period: urbanization and social complexity

Readings:
Wengrow, David; 1998. “The changing face of clay: continuity and change in the transition from village to urban life in the Near East,” Antiquity 72: 783-795.

Matthews 2003: “States of mind: approaches to complexity,” 93-126.

Readings:
Van de Mieroop 2004: “Origins: The Uruk phenomenon,” 17-38.

Postgate 1992: “The written record,” 51-70.

Cooper, Jerrold S.; 2004. “Babylonian beginnings: the origin of the cuneiform writing system in comparative perspective,” in The first writing: script invention as history and process. S.D. Houston (ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 71-99. (optional-ask Omur for photocopies)

Readings:
Van de Mieroop, M.; 1997. “The origins and the character of the Mesopotamian city,” The ancient Mesopotamian city. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 23-41.

Pollock, S.; 1999. “Settlement patterns” Ancient Mesopotamia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 45-77.

Bahrani, Z.; 2002. “Performativity and the image: narrative, representation and the Uruk vase,” in Leaving no stones unturned: essays on the Ancient Near East and Egypt in honor of Donald P. Hansen. E. Ehrenberg (ed.). Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 15-22.

Presentation: Pollock, S and R. Bernbeck; 2000. “And they said, let us make gods in our image: gendered ideologies in ancient Mesopotamia, ” in Reading the Body: Representations and remains in the archaeological record, A. E. Rautman (ed.). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 150-164.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 5: Oct. 2-6 Early Dynastic period in the Diyala River basin and at Nippur

Readings:
Van de Mieroop 2004: “Competing city-states: the Early Dynastic period,” 39-58.

Postgate 1992: “Cities and dynasties,” 22-50.

Readings:
Gibson, McGuire; 1993. “Nippur, sacred city of Enlil, supreme god of Sumer and Akkad,” Al-Rāfidān 14: 1-18.

Bottero, J; 1992. “The religious system” in Mesopotamia: writing reasoning and the gods. Z. Bahrani and M. Van de Mieroop (trans.). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 201-231.

Readings:
Cohen, A C; 2005. "Conclusion: Early Dynastic III Death Rituals as a Locus for Negotiating Power Relations" in Death rituals, ideology, and the development of early Mesopotamian kingship: toward a new understanding of Iraq's royal cemetery of Ur. Leiden and Boston: Brill Academic Publishers, 233-247.

Pollock, S; 1991. “Of priestesses, princes and poor relations: The dead in the Royal Cemetery of Ur,” Cambridge Archaeological Journal 1: 171-189. Download from OCRA Part 1 and Part 2

Zettler, R. L. and L. Horne(eds.); 1998. Treasures from the royal tombs of Ur. Philadelphia: University of Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. Skim through the catalogue.

Vanstiphout, H.; 2003. Epics of Sumerian Kings. Atlanta. Read "Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta" (Handout)

Presentation: Dickson, Bruce; 2006. “Public transcripts expressed in theatres of cruelty: the Royal Graves at Ur in Mesopotamia,” Cambridge Archaeological Journal 16/2: 123-144.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 6: Oct. 9-13. Material practices and kingship in the Third Millennium BC

Readings:
Postgate 1992: “The temple,” 109-136.

Pollock, S.; 1999. “A changing way of life: The oikos-based economy of the third millennium” Ancient Mesopotamia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 45-77.

Foster, B.A.; 1981. “A new look at the sumerian temple state,” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 24: 225-241.

Readings:
Winter, Irene J.; 1995. “After the battle is over: the stele of the vultures and the beginning of historical narrative in the art of the ancient Near East”, Studies in the History of Art. 16: 11-32. Download from OCRA Part1 and Part 2.

Optional:

Winter, Irene J.; 1989. “The body of the able ruler: Toward an understanding of the statues of Gudea” in DUMU-E2-DUB-BA-A: studies in honor of Åke W. Sjöberg, H. Behrens et al. (eds), Philadelphia: 573-583.

Edzard, D. O.; 1997. Gudea and his dynasty. University of Toronto Press: Toronto.

Readings:
London, G.; 2000. “Ethnoarchaeology and the interpretation of the past” Near Eastern archaeology 63: 2-8.

Kamp, K.; 2000. “From village to tell: household ethnoarchaeology in Syria,” Near Eastern archaeology 63: 84-93.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 7: Oct. 16-20 Akkad, Sumer and royal ideology.

Readings:
Van de Mieroop 2004: “Political centralization in the late Third Millennium,” 59-79.

Readings:
Kuhrt, A; 1995. The Ancient Near East c. 3000-330 BC. London: Routledge, 56-73.

Zettler, R. L.; 2003. “Archaeology and the problem of textual evidence for the Third Dynasty of Ur,” Bulletin of the Canadian Society for Mesopotamian Studies 38: 49-62.

Readings:
Eagleton; T; 1991. “What is ideology?” in Ideology: an introduction. Verso: London, 1991, pages. 1-32.

Winter, I.J.; 1999. “Tree(s) on the mountain: landscape and territory on the victory stele of Naram Sin of Agade,” in Landscapes: territories, frontiers and horizons. L. Milano et. Al. (eds). Padova: Sargon srl, 63-72.

Presentation: Winter, I. J.; 1996. “Sex, rhetoric and the public monument: the alluring body of Naram-Sin of Agade” in Sexuality in Ancient Art, N.B.Kampen (ed.), Cambridge: 11-26.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 8: Oct. 23-27 Middle Bronze Age in Upper Mesopotamia: new cities, new practices

Readings:
Akkermans and Schwartz 2003, “Regeneration of complex societies”, pages 288-326.

Readings:
Van de Mieroop 2004: 80-111.
Castillo, Jorge Silva; 2005: “Nomadism through the ages” in A companion to the Ancient Near East. Daniel C. Snell (ed.). Malden MA: Blackwell, 126-141.

Readings:

Assante, J.; 2003. “From whores to hierodules: the historiographic invention of Mesopotamian female sex professionals,” in Ancient art and its historiography. A. A. Donohue and M. D. Fullerton (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 13-47.

Bahrani, Z; 1996. “The Hellenization of Ishtar: nudity, fetishism and the production of cultural differentiation in ancient art,” Oxford Art Journal 19/2: 3-16.

Presentation: Meskell, L. M.; 2000. “Writing the body in archaeology,” in Reading the body: representations and remains in the archaeological record. Alison E. Rautman (ed.). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 13-21.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 9: Oct. 30- Nov. 3 Anatolia and the Eastern Mediterranean in the Late Bronze Age

Readings:
Gorny, Ronald L.; 1989. “Environment, archaeology and history in Hittite Anatolia,” Biblical Archaeologist 52: 78-96. Download from OCRA, Part 1 and Part 2.

Hawkins, J.D.; 1998. “Hattusa: home to the thousand gods of Hatti,” in Capital cities: urban planning and spiritual dimensions. J. G. Westenholz (ed.), Bible Lands Museum: Jerusalem.

Readings:
Van de Mieroop 2004: “The collapse of the regional system and its aftermath,” 179-194.

Hallo, W.W.; 1992b. “From Bronze age to Iron age in Western Asia: defining the problem,” in The crisis years: the twelfth century B.C.B from beyond the Danube to the Tigris. W.A. Ward and M.S. Joukowsky (eds.); Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, 1-9.

Readings:
Akkermans and Schwartz 2003, “Empires and internationalism”, 327-359.

Feldman, M. H.; 2002. “Luxurious forms: refining a Mediterranean ‘international style,’ 1400-1200 BCE,” Art Bulletin 84: 6-29.

Presentation: Moorey, P.R.S.; 2001. “The mobility of artisans and opportunities for technology transfer between Western Asia and Egypt in the Late Bronze Age,” in The social context of technological change: Egypt and the Near East, 1650-1550 BC. Andrew J. Shortland (ed.), Oxbow Books: Oxford, pages 1-14.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 10: Nov. 6-10 The Early Iron Age in Northern Mesopotamia

Readings:
Akkermans and Schwartz 2003, “Iron Age Syria”, pages 360-397.

Readings:
Van de Mieroop 2004, “The rise of Assyria” 216-231.

Pittman, Holly; 1996. “ The White Obelisk and the problem of historical narrative in the art of Assyria,” Art Bulletin 78: 334-355.

Text: Banquet Stele from Kalhu

Readings:
Blake, E.; 2004. “Space, spatiality and archaeology,”in A companion to social archaeology, 215-229.

Postgate, J. Nicholas; 1992. “The Land of Assur and the Yoke of Assur” World Archaeology 23: 247-263.

Mazzoni, S; 1997. “The gate and the city: change and continuity in Syro-Hittite urban ideology,” in Die orientalische Stadt: Kontinuität, Wandel, Bruch. G. Wilhelm (ed.), SDV Saarbrücker Druckerei und Verlag: Saarbrücken, 307-338.

Presentation: Barbanes, E; 2003. “Planning an empire: city and settlement in the Neo-Assyrian period,” Bulletin of the Canadian Society for Mesopotamian Studies 38: 15-22. (Handout)

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 11: Nov. 13-17 The Assyrian Empire

Readings:
Marcus, Michelle I.; 1995a. “Geography as visual ideology: landscape, knowledge, and power in Neo-Assyrian art,” in Neo-Assyrian geography, Mario Liverani (ed.); Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Roma: Sargon srl, 193-202.

Kreppner, Florian Janoscha; 2002. “Public space in nature: the case of Neo-Assyrian rock reliefs,” Altorientalische Forschungen 29: 367-383.

Readings:
Stronach, David; 1994. “Village to Metropolis: Nineveh and the beginnings of urbanism in Northern Mesopotamia,” in Nuove fondazioni nel Vicino Oriente antico: realta e ideologia. Stefania Mazzoni (ed.); Pisa: Università degli studi di Pisa. Giardini, 85-114.

Readings:
Moorey, P.R.S.; 1994. “Building in stone” in Ancient Mesopotamian materials and industries. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns: 335-347.

Summers, David; 2003. “Facture” in Real Spaces. London: Phaidon Press, 61-86.

Presentation: Ingold, Tim; 2000. “Society, nature and the concept of technology” in The perception of the environment. London and New York: Routledge, 312-322.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 12: Nov. 20 Urartian Kingdom

Readings:
Smith, A. T.; 1999. “The making of an Urartian landscape in Southern Transcaucasia: A study of political architectonics” American Journal of Archaeology 103: 45-71.

Smith, A. T.; 2000. “Rendering the political aesthetic: Political legitimacy in Urartian representations of the built environment,” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 19: 131-163.

Zimansky, Paul; 1995b. “Urartian material culture as state assamblage: an anomaly in the archaeology of empire,” BASOR 299/300: 103-115.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 13: Nov. 27-Dec. 1 The Neo-Babylonian kingdom

Readings: George, Andrew R.; 1993. “Babylon revisited: archaeology and philology in harness,” Antiquity 67: 734-46.

Kuhrt, Amélie; 2001. “The palace(s) of Babylon,” in The royal palace institution in the First Millennium b.c.: regional development and cultural interchange between East and West. Inge Nielsen (ed.); Monographs of the Danish Institute at Athens: Athens, 77-94.

Readings:
Novák, M.; 2002. “The artificial paradise: programme and ideology of royal gardens,” in Sex and gender in the ancient Near East. S. Parpola and R.M. Whiting (eds.); Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, Part II, 443-460.

Dalley, S.; 1994. “Nineveh, Babylon and the hanging gardens: cuneiform and classical sources reconciled,” Iraq 56: 45-58.

Stronach, D; 1990. “The garden as a political statement: some case studies from the Near East in the First Millennium B.C.,” Bulletin of the Asia Institute 4: 171-180.

Readings:
Van Dyke, Ruth M. & Susan E. Alcock; 2003. “Archaeologies of memory: an introduction,” in Archaeologies of memory. Ruth M. Van Dyke & Susan E. Alcock (eds.); Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 1-13.

Winter, Irene J.; 2000. “Babylonian archaeologists of the(ir) Mesopotamian past,” in Proceedings of the First International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East. P. Matthiae et. al. (eds.); Università degli studi di Roma “La Sapienza,”: Roma, 1785-1789.

Jonker, G; 1995. “Continuity and change in the Ebabbar of Sippar: The construction of the past in the First Millennium” in The topography of remembrance: The dead, tradition and collective memory in Mesopotamia, E.J.Brill: Leiden, 153-176.

OCRA E-Reserves


Week 14: Dec. 4-6 Persian empire

Readings:
Van de Mieroop 2004; “The Persian Empire” 267-280.

Stronach, D; 1997. “Anshan and Parsa: Early Achaemenid history, art and architecture on the Iranian plateau,” in Mesopotamia and Iran in the Persian period: Conquest and imperialism 539-331 B.C. J. Curtis (ed.), British Museum Press: London; 35-53.

Readings:
Pollock, S; 2005. “Archaeology goes to war at the newsstand” in Archaeologies of the Middle East: critical perspectives. Malden MA: Blackwell, 78-96.

Meskell, L.; 2005. “Sites of violence: terrorism, tourism, and heritage in the archaeological present,” in Embedding ethics. L Meskell and P Pels (eds.). Oxford: Berg, 123-146.

OCRA E-Reserves

Dec 11, Monday, 5 pm: Final papers due. Take-home final questions handed out.

Dec 18, Monday, 5 pm: Take-home finals due

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